Boosting India’s Dairy Sector: Rashtriya Gokul Mission

The Rashtriya Gokul Mission is a significant initiative aimed at enhancing milk production and the productivity of bovines in India. Launched by the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, this scheme has made remarkable strides in the dairy sector over the past decade. From 2014-15 to 2023-24, milk production in India surged from 146.31 million tonnes to 239.30 million tonnes, marking a 63.55% increase. Additionally, the productivity of bovines rose from 1,640 kilograms per animal per year to 2,072 kilograms, a 26.34% improvement. This achievement is noteworthy as it represents the highest gain in bovine productivity globally. The productivity of indigenous and non-descript cattle also saw a significant rise, increasing from 927 kilograms to 1,292 kilograms per animal per year. Buffalo productivity improved from 1,880 kilograms to 2,161 kilograms per animal per year.

The success of the Rashtriya Gokul Mission can be attributed to several key components that have been effectively implemented. These initiatives not only aim to increase milk production but also focus on improving the genetic quality of bovines, thereby benefiting farmers across the country.

Nationwide Artificial Insemination Program

One of the cornerstone initiatives of the Rashtriya Gokul Mission is the Nationwide Artificial Insemination Program. This program aims to expand the coverage of artificial insemination to enhance the milk production and productivity of bovines, particularly indigenous breeds. As of now, the program has successfully covered 8.32 crore animals, with 12.20 crore artificial inseminations performed. This initiative has directly benefited approximately 5.19 crore farmers, providing them with access to improved breeding techniques.

Artificial insemination is crucial for increasing the genetic diversity and quality of livestock. By using high-quality semen from superior bulls, farmers can produce healthier and more productive animals. This program not only boosts milk production but also helps in the conservation of indigenous breeds, which are vital for maintaining biodiversity. The increased productivity from these improved breeds translates into higher incomes for farmers, making dairy farming a more sustainable livelihood.

Progeny Testing and Pedigree Selection

Another significant component of the Rashtriya Gokul Mission is the Progeny Testing and Pedigree Selection program. This initiative focuses on producing high genetic merit bulls, including those from indigenous breeds. Progeny testing is currently implemented for various breeds, including Gir and Sahiwal cattle, as well as Murrah and Mehsana buffaloes. The Pedigree Selection program covers breeds such as Rathi, Tharparkar, Hariana, and Kankrej cattle, along with Jaffarabadi, Nili Ravi, Pandharpuri, and Banni buffaloes.

To date, the program has successfully produced and inducted 3,988 high genetic merit bulls for semen production. This initiative is vital for improving the overall genetic quality of the bovine population in India. By selecting and breeding the best animals, the program ensures that future generations of livestock are healthier and more productive. This not only benefits farmers through increased milk yields but also contributes to the long-term sustainability of the dairy industry.

Implementation of Advanced Technologies

The Rashtriya Gokul Mission has also embraced advanced technologies to enhance bovine productivity. One such technology is In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF), which allows for the propagation of elite animals from indigenous breeds. The establishment of 22 IVF laboratories across the country has made this technology accessible to farmers. IVF plays a crucial role in the genetic upgradation of the bovine population, allowing for significant improvements in a single generation.

Additionally, the program has introduced sex-sorted semen production facilities at five government semen stations and three private stations. This technology enables farmers to select the sex of their calves, increasing the likelihood of producing female calves, which are more valuable for milk production. So far, 1.15 crore sex-sorted semen doses have been produced, further enhancing the efficiency of breeding programs.

The introduction of genomic selection through unified genomic chips—Gau Chip for indigenous cattle and Mahish Chip for buffaloes—has also accelerated genetic improvement. These advancements are essential for ensuring that the dairy sector remains competitive and sustainable in the long run.

Financial Support and Future Prospects

The Rashtriya Gokul Mission has received substantial financial backing, with Rs. 4,442.87 crores allocated to implementing agencies between 2014-15 and 2024-25. This funding has been instrumental in the development and conservation of indigenous bovine breeds. In contrast, only Rs. 983.43 crores were released for cattle and buffalo development between 2004-05 and 2013-14. The financial assistance has significantly benefited farmers engaged in dairying, leading to enhanced milk production and improved productivity of bovines.

As the Rashtriya Gokul Mission continues to evolve, its focus on innovative technologies and genetic improvement will play a crucial role in shaping the future of India’s dairy sector. The ongoing support for farmers and the emphasis on sustainable practices will ensure that the benefits of this mission are felt across the agricultural landscape. With continued investment and commitment, the mission aims to further elevate India’s position as a leading player in the global dairy industry.

Source : DAirynews7x7.com Feb 5th 2025 by Shalini Singh (PIB) Observer Voice